exile
英 ['eksa?l; 'egz-]
美 ['?ksa?l]
- n. 流放，充軍；放逐，被放逐者；流犯
- vt. 放逐，流放；使背井離鄉
助記提示
1. ex- + sil- (from soil) + -e.
中文詞源
exile 流亡ex-, 向外。-sil, 拿，帶，召集，詞源同consul, counsel.引申義扔出去的，流亡。
英文詞源
- exile
- exile: [13] Latin exul meant ‘banished person’. This was formed from the prefix ex- ‘out’ and a prehistoric Indo-European base *ul- ‘go’ (represented also in Latin ambulāre ‘walk’, source of English amble and ambulance). From it was created the noun exilium ‘banishment’, which in Old French became essil. This was subsequently remodelled to exil, on the basis of its Latin source, and passed on to English.
=> amble, ambulance - exile (v.)
- c. 1300, from Old French essillier "exile, banish, expel, drive off" (12c.), from Late Latin exilare/exsilare, from Latin exilium/exsilium "banishment, exile; place of exile," from exul "banished person," from ex- "away" (see ex-) + PIE root *al- (2) "to wander" (cognates: Greek alaomai "to wander, stray, or roam about"). In ancient times folk etymology derived the second element from Latin solum "soil." Related: Exiled; exiling.
- exile (n.)
- c. 1300, "forced removal from one's country," from Old French exil, essil (12c.), from Latin exilium "banishment; place of exile" (see exile (v.)). From c. 1300 as "a banished person," from Latin exsul, exul.
Several etymologies are possible. It might be a derivative of a verb *ex-sulere 'to take out' to the root *selh- 'to take', cf. consul and consulere; hence exsul 'the one who is
taken out'. It might belong to amb-ulare *-al- 'to walk', hence 'who walks out'. It might even belong to *helh-, the root of [Greek elauno] 'to drive': ex-ul 'who is driven out' [de Vaan, "Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages"]
雙語例句
- 1. Rovers lost 4-1 and began their long exile from the First Division.
- 流浪者隊以1比4落敗，從此開始長期無緣甲級聯賽。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. He was vilified, hounded, and forced into exile by the FBI.
- 他遭到了聯邦調查局的誣蔑和追捕，被迫流亡國外。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. During his exile, he also began writing books.
- 在流放期間，他也開始寫書。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. He is now living in exile in Egypt.
- 他目前流亡埃及。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. He returned from exile earlier this year.
- 今年早些時候他流亡歸來。
來自柯林斯例句