with: [OE] The ancestral meaning of with is ‘against’ (retained by its German relative wider). It goes back ultimately to the Indo-European base *wi-, which denoted ‘separation’. The notion of ‘accompaniment’ is a secondary development, albeit an ancient one, and the idea of ‘instrumentality’ did not emerge until the 12th century.
with (prep.)
Old English wie "against, opposite, from, toward, by, near," a shortened form related to wieer, from Proto-Germanic *withro- "against" (cognates: Old Saxon withar "against," Old Norse vier "against, with, toward, at," Middle Dutch, Dutch weder, Dutch weer "again," Gothic witra "against, opposite"), from PIE *wi-tero-, literally "more apart," suffixed form of root *wi- "separation" (cognates: Sanskrit vi, Avestan vi- "asunder," Sanskrit vitaram "further, farther," Old Church Slavonic vutoru "other, second").
Sense shifted in Middle English to denote association, combination, and union, partly by influence of Old Norse vidh, and also perhaps by Latin cum "with" (as in pugnare cum "fight with"). In this sense, it replaced Old English mid "with," which survives only as a prefix (as in midwife). Original sense of "against, in opposition" is retained in compounds such as withhold, withdraw, withstand. Often treated as a conjunction by ungrammatical writers and used where and would be correct. First record of with child "pregnant" is recorded from c. 1200. With it "cool" is black slang, recorded by 1931. French avec "with" was originally avoc, from Vulgar Latin *abhoc, from apud hoc, literally "with this."
雙語例句
1. Beauty is an attitude. It has nothing to do with age.
美是一種態度，與年齡無關。
來自金山詞霸
2. If you're not satisfied with the life you're living, don't just complain. Do something about it.
對于現況的不滿，不能只是抱怨，要有勇氣作出改變。
來自金山詞霸 每日一句
3. He was well acquainted with the literature of France, Germany and Holland.
他對于法國、德國和荷蘭的文學了如指掌。
來自柯林斯例句
4. I thought I'd enrol you with an art group at the school.
我想我會吸收你參加學校的一個藝術團。
來自柯林斯例句
5. Somehow Karin managed to cope with the demands of her career.